Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent a pivotal element in cancer research, as they offer an unparalleled, non-invasive method to explore the intricacies of tumor biology. CTCs originate from primary tumors and enter the bloodstream, with most undergoing rapid apoptosis during circulation. However, a select few survive and may precipitate distant metastatic diseases. These cells hold irreplaceable significance in diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and therapeutic monitoring.
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